Two wake-up calls shifted the conversation in European security, the first military and the second political. First, in February 2022, Russia launched a multipronged invasion of Ukraine, with the intent of altering its perceived sphere of influence. Consequently, European officials came to understand the severity of the Russian threat to European security and the weaponry necessary to deter future aggression. Second, Trump’s return to office revives a U.S. foreign policy that sees NATO as a...

Donald Trump’s return to the White House has generated anxious anticipation regarding changes in American foreign policy. Moreover, the...